Giáo án Luyện thi Tốt nghiệp THPT môn Tiếng Anh Lớp 12

Giáo án Luyện thi Tốt nghiệp THPT môn Tiếng Anh Lớp 12

I. Từ có 2 âm tiết.

Phần lớn động từ và giới từ có 2 âm tiết có trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ hai.

(v) relax /rɪˈlæks/; produce /prə'duːs; include /ɪnˈkluːd/; begin /bɪˈɡɪn/; become /bɪˈkʌm/.

(prep) among /əˈmʌŋ/; between /bɪˈtwiːn/; aside /əˈsaɪd/

 Hầu hết danh từ và tính từ có 2 âm tiết đều có trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ nhất.

(n) action /ˈækʃn/ paper /ˈpeɪpər/ teacher /ˈtiːtʃər/

(adj) happy /ˈhæpi/ rainy /ˈreɪni/ active /ˈæktɪv/

II. Từ có 3 âm tiết trở lên.

 Với những từ có 3 âm tiết trở lên, trọng âm thường rơi vào âm tiết thứ 3 tính từ cuối lên.

economy /ɪˈkɑːnəmi/ industry /ˈɪndəstri/

intelligent /ɪnˈtelɪdʒənt/ specialize /ˈspeʃəlaɪz/ geography /dʒiˈɑːɡrəfi/

III. Các nguyên tắc khác

1. Các từ tận cùng bằng các đuôi - ic, - ish, - ical, - sion, - tion, - ance, - ence, - idle, - ious, - iar, - ience, - id, - eous, - ian, - ity thì thì trọng âm nhấn vào âm tiết ngay trước nó.

 economic /ˌiːkəˈnɑːmɪk/; foolish /ˈfuːlɪʃ/;

entrance /ˈentrəns/; famous /ˈfeɪməs/;

 nation /ˈneɪʃn/; celebrity /səˈlebrəti/;

musician /mjuˈzɪʃn/

2. Các từ có đuôi: - ee, - eer, - ese, - ique, - esque , - ain thì trọng âm rơi vào chính âm tiết đó

agree /əˈɡriː/; volunteer /ˌvɑːlənˈtɪr/;

Vietnamese /ˌvjetnəˈmiːz/; retain /rɪˈteɪn/

maintain /meɪnˈteɪn/ ; unique /juˈniːk/

3. Các từ được them các hậu tố: - ment, - ship, - ness, - er/ or, - hood, - ing, - en, - ful, - able, - ous, - less thì trọng âm chính của từ gốc không thay đổi

agree /əˈɡriː/ ----- agreement /əˈɡriːmənt/;

meaning /ˈmiːnɪŋ/ ------- meaningless /ˈmiːnɪŋləs/

rely /rɪˈlaɪ/ ------------ reliable /rɪˈlaɪəbl/;

poison /ˈpɔɪzn/ ------------ poisonous /ˈpɔɪzənəs/

happy /ˈhæpi/ --------- happiness /ˈhæpinəs/;

relation /rɪˈleɪʃn/ ------------- relationship /rɪˈleɪʃnʃɪp/

 

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1STPERIOD
Planning day: Times: 01
ANALYZING AND DOING THE ILLUSTRATIVE TEST 2019
 I. Objectives:
 1. Knowledge: Students know:
- The form of the final test.
 - The knowledge they have to gain.
 - How to do the test.
 2. Skill: 
 3. Attitude: Co-operation
 4. Ability: By the end of the lesson, students will be able to do test and know which knowledge they need to focus more and more.
II. Question systems:
III. Assessment methods:
 + The forms of evaluation: Self-assess, peers and teacher’s assessments.
 + The tools of evaluation: 
 + The time of evaluation: in lesson, after lesson.
IV. Teaching aids:
 1. Teacher: lesson plan, the illustrative test 2019
 2. Pupils: The illustrative test 2019, book and other materials.
V. Procedure:
 1. Organization:
No
Class
Teaching day
Period
Absent students
1
12B
31
2
12D
35
2. Check the old lesson.
3. New lesson.
I. Ask sts to do the test about 60 minutes.(handouts)
II.Analyze and give coment.
III.Check the answer.
4. Consolidation and homework. ( 5mins)
Ask them to redo the test.
VI.Experience:
..........................................................................................................................................................................
Planning day: Times: 02
ANALYZING AND DOING THE ILLUSTRATIVE TEST 2020
 I. Objectives:
 1. Knowledge: Students know:
- The form of the final test.
 - The knowledge they have to gain.
 - How to do the test.
 2. Skill: 
 3. Attitude: Co-operation
 4. Ability: By the end of the lesson, students will be able to do test and know which knowledge they need to focus more and more.
II. Question systems:
III. Assessment methods:
 + The forms of evaluation: Self-assess, peers and teacher’s assessments.
 + The tools of evaluation: 
 + The time of evaluation: in lesson, after lesson.
IV. Teaching aids:
 1. Teacher: lesson plan, the illustrative test 2020
 2. Pupils: The illustrative test 2020, book and other materials.
V. Procedure:
 1. Organization:
No
Class
Teaching day
Period
Absent students
1
12B
31
2
12D
35
2. Check the old lesson.
3. New lesson.
I. Ask sts to do the test about 60 minutes.(handouts)
II.Analyze and give coment.
III.Check the answer.
4. Consolidation and homework. ( 5mins)
Ask them to redo the test.
VI.Experience:
..........................................................................................................................................................................
Planning day: Times: 03
STRESS VS -S/ -ED 
 I. Objectives:
 1. Knowledge: Student know:
- How to pronounce ‘-s’; ‘-ed’
- How to mark the stress of the words with 2 syllables and more than three syllables?
- How to do exercise of these parts well?
 2. Skill: 
 3. Attitude: Co-operation
 4. Ability: By the end of the lesson, students will be able to do this kind of exercise in the final test well.
II. Question systems:
III. Assessment methods:
 + The forms of evaluation: Self-assess, peers and teacher’s assessments.
 + The tools of evaluation: 
 + The time of evaluation: in lesson, after lesson.
IV. Teaching aids:
 1. Teacher: Text book, lesson plan
 2. Pupils: Text books and note books,...
V. Procedure:
 1. Organization:
No
Class
Teaching day
Period
Absent students
1
12B
31
2
12D
35
2. Check the old lesson.
3. New lesson.
PHONETICS
I. Đuôi ‘-s’: Có 3 cách phát âm đuôi “- s” như sau: /s/, /iz/ hay /z/
1. Đuôi ‘–s’ được đọc là /s/:Khi từ có tận cùng là các phụ âm vô thanh: /t/, p, f, k, ð/
E.g.Units / 'ju:nits/ ; Stops / stɒps/; Topics / 'tɒpiks/; Laughes / lɑ:fs/; Breathes / bri:ðs/
2. Đuôi ‘–es’ được đọc là /iz/:Khi từ có tận cùng là các âm /s, z, ∫, t∫, ʒ, dʒ/ (thường có tận cùng là các chữ cái: ce, x, z, sh, ch, s, ge)
E.g. Classes / klɑ:siz/; washes /wɒ∫iz/; Watches / wɒt∫iz/; Changes /t∫eindʒiz/
3. Đuôi ‘–s’ được đọc là /z/:Khi từ có tận cùng là nguyên âm và các phụ âm hữu thanh còn lại
E.g. Plays / pleiz/; Bags / bægz/; speeds / spi:dz/
II. Đuôi ‘-ed’: Có 3 cách phát âm đuôi ‘-ed’ là:  /t/,  /ɪd/ hay /d/.
1. ‘ed’đọc là /t/:
Cụ thể, những từ kết thúc bằng các âm: / t∫, s, k, f, p, θ, ∫/  thì ‘ed’ sẽ được đọc là /t/
Ví dụ: watched /wɒtʃt/, missed /mɪst/ ,
2. ‘ed’ đọc là /ɪd/
Một động từ được kết thúc bằng /t, d/ thì ‘ed’ sẽ được đọc là /ɪd/.
Ví dụ: wanted/ˈwɒn.tɪd/ , needed /ˈniː.dɪd/
3. ‘ed’ sẽ được đọc là /d/: (Với các nguyên âm và phụ âm còn lại)
Ví dụ: lived /lɪvd/, allowed /əˈlaʊd/
Một số trường hợp ngoại lệ: Một số từ kết thúc bằng –ed được dùng làm tính từ, đuôi –ed được phát âm là /id/:
1. aged:/ eidʒid / (Cao tuổi. lớn tuổi)	2. blessed:/ blesid / (Thần thánh, thiêng liêng)
3. crooked:/ krʊkid / (Cong, oằn, vặn vẹo)	4. dogged:/ dɒgid / (Gan góc, gan lì, bền bỉ)
5. naked:/ neikid / (Trơ trụi, trần truồng)	6. learned:/ lɜ:nid / (Có học thức, thông thái, uyên bác)
7. ragged:/ rægid / (Rách tả tơi, bù xù)	8. wicked:/ wikid / (Tinh quái, ranh mãnh, nguy hại)
9. wretched:/ ret∫id / (Khốn khổ, bần cùng, tồi tệ)	10. beloved /bɪˈlʌvɪd/ ( yêu thương)
11. cursed / kɜ:sid/ (tức giận , khó chịu)	12. rugged / rʌgid/ xù xì, gồ ghề
13. sacred /seɪkrɪd/ thiên liêng, trân trọng 	Human life must always be sacred
14. one/two- legged /leɡɪd/1/2chân 	Cats are two-legged animals
STRESS
Từ có 2 âm tiết.
Phần lớn động từ và giới từ có 2 âm tiết có trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ hai.
(v) relax /rɪˈlæks/; produce /prə'duːs; include /ɪnˈkluːd/; begin /bɪˈɡɪn/; become /bɪˈkʌm/..
(prep) among /əˈmʌŋ/; between /bɪˈtwiːn/; aside /əˈsaɪd/
 	Hầu hết danh từ và tính từ có 2 âm tiết đều có trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ nhất.
(n) action /ˈækʃn/ paper /ˈpeɪpər/ teacher /ˈtiːtʃər/
(adj) happy /ˈhæpi/ rainy /ˈreɪni/ active /ˈæktɪv/
Từ có 3 âm tiết trở lên.
 Với những từ có 3 âm tiết trở lên, trọng âm thường rơi vào âm tiết thứ 3 tính từ cuối lên.
economy /ɪˈkɑːnəmi/ industry /ˈɪndəstri/
intelligent /ɪnˈtelɪdʒənt/ specialize /ˈspeʃəlaɪz/ geography /dʒiˈɑːɡrəfi/
Các nguyên tắc khác
1.  Các từ tận cùng bằng các đuôi - ic, - ish, - ical, - sion, - tion, - ance, - ence, - idle, - ious, - iar, - ience, - id, - eous, - ian, - ity thì thì trọng âm nhấn vào âm tiết ngay trước nó.
 	economic /ˌiːkəˈnɑːmɪk/; 	foolish /ˈfuːlɪʃ/; 
entrance /ˈentrəns/; 	famous /ˈfeɪməs/; 
 	nation /ˈneɪʃn/; 	celebrity /səˈlebrəti/; 
musician /mjuˈzɪʃn/
2. Các từ có đuôi: - ee, - eer, - ese, - ique, - esque , - ain thì trọng âm rơi vào chính âm tiết đó
agree /əˈɡriː/; 	volunteer /ˌvɑːlənˈtɪr/; 
Vietnamese /ˌvjetnəˈmiːz/; 	retain /rɪˈteɪn/
maintain /meɪnˈteɪn/ ;	 unique /juˈniːk/
3.  Các từ được them các hậu tố: - ment, - ship, - ness, - er/ or, - hood, - ing, - en, - ful, - able, - ous, - less thì trọng âm chính của từ gốc không thay đổi
agree /əˈɡriː/ ----- agreement /əˈɡriːmənt/; 
meaning /ˈmiːnɪŋ/ ------- meaningless /ˈmiːnɪŋləs/
rely /rɪˈlaɪ/ ------------ reliable /rɪˈlaɪəbl/; 
poison /ˈpɔɪzn/ ------------ poisonous  /ˈpɔɪzənəs/
happy /ˈhæpi/ --------- happiness /ˈhæpinəs/; 
relation /rɪˈleɪʃn/ ------------- relationship /rɪˈleɪʃnʃɪp/
4.  Các từ tận cùng – graphy, - ate, - gy, - cy, - ity, - phy, - al thì trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ 3 từ dưới lên. 
demoracy /dɪˈmɑːkrəsi/; 	technology /tekˈnɑːlədʒi/; 
geography /dʒiˈɑːɡrəfi/	investigate /ɪnˈvestɪɡeɪt/
5.  Danh từ ghép: Trọng âm thường rơi vào âm tiết thứ 1
birthday /ˈbɜːrθdeɪ/; 	airport /ˈerpɔːrt/; 
gateway /ˈɡeɪtweɪ/; 	boyfriend /ˈbɔɪfrend/
greenhouse /ˈɡriːnhaʊs/; 	seafood /ˈsiːfuːd/; 
 toothpaste /ˈtuːθpeɪst/
6.  Tính từ ghép (thường có dấu gạch ngang ở giữa): Trọng âm rơi vào từ thứ hai
old-Fashioned; one-EYEd; well-DONE
Exercises (handouts)
I. Choose the word which is pronounced differently from the rest.
1. A. talked	B. painted	C. asked	D. liked
2. A. worked	B. stopped	C. forced	D. wanted
3. A. lays	B. says	C. stays	D. plays
4. A. waited	B. mended	C. objected	D. faced
5. A. roses	B. villages	C. apples	D. matches
6. A. languages	B. rabies	C. assumes	D. consumes
7. A. markedly	B. allegedly	C. needed	D. walked
8. A. succeeds	B. devotes	C. prevents	D. coughs
9. A. kissed	B. helped	C. forced	D. raised
10. A. sees	B. sports	C. pools	D. trains
11. A. learned	B. watched	C. helped	D. wicked
12. A. widens	B. referees	C. sacks	D. cancels
13. A. tombs	B. lamps	C. brakes	D. invites
14. A. books	B. floors	C. combs	D. drums
15. A. packed	B. punched	C. pleased	D. pushed 
16. A. confused	B. faced	C. cried	D. defined
17. A. trays	B. says	C. bays	D. days
18. A. kissed	B. pleased	C. increased	D. ceased
19. A. devoted	B. suggested	C. provided	D. wished
20. A. closes	B. loses	C. loves	D. chooses
21. A. gives	B. phones	C. switches	D. dives
22. A. watched	B. crashed	C. occupied	D. coughed
23. A. studies	B. flourishes	C. finishes	D. glances
24. A. hears	B. thanks	C. blows	D. coincides
25. A. started	B. looked	C. decided	D. coincided
26. A. designed	B. preserved	C. sawed	D. guided
27. A. stops	 B. climbs	C. pulls	D. televisions
28. A. cats	B. tapes	C. rides	D. cooks	
29. A. agreed	B. missed	C. liked	D. watched
30. A. measured	B. pleased	C. distinguished	D. managed
31. A. practised	B. amused	C. advertised	D. annoyed
32. A. embarrassed	B. astonished	C. surprised	D. decreased
33. A. walks	B. begins	C. helps	D. cuts
34. A. shoots	B. grounds	C. concentrates	D. forests
35. A. practiced	B. raised	C. rained	D. followed
II. Choose the word which is stressed differently from the rest.
a. partnership 	b. romantic 	c. actually 	d. attitude
a. believe 	b. marriage 	c. response 	d. maintain
a. summary 	b. different 	c. physical 	d. decision
a. attractiveness 	b. traditional 	c. generation 	d. American
a. attract 	b. person 	c. signal 	d. instance
a. verbal 	b. suppose 	c. even 	d. either
a. example 	b. consider 	c. several 	d. attention
a. situation	b. appropriate 	c. informality 	 	d. entertainment
a. across 	b. simply 	c. common 	d. brother
a. social 	b. meter 	c. notice 	d. begin
a. whistle 	b. table 	c. someone 	d. receive
a. discuss 	b. waving 	c. airport 	d. often
a. sentence 	b. pointing 	c. verbal 	d. attract
a. problem 	b. minute 	c. suppose 	d. dinner
a. general 	b. applicant 	c. usually 	d. October
a. parallel 	b. dependent 	c. educate 	d. primary
a. physical	b. achievement 	c. government 	d. national
a. eleven 	b. history 	c. nursery 	d. different
a. consider 	b. similar 	c. actually 	d. carefully
a. expression 	b. easily 	c. depression 	d. disruptive
a. algebra 	b. musical 	c. politics 	d. apartment
a. mechanic 	b. chemistry 	c. cinema 	d. finally
a. typical 	b. favorite 	c. division 	d. organize
a. computer 	b. establish 	c. business 	d. remember
Ba. conference 	b. lecturer 	c. reference 	d. researcher
a. powerful 	b. interesting 	c. exciting 	d. difficult
a. memory 	b. exactly 	c. radio 	 d. management
a. requirement 	b. condition 	c. example 	d. previous
a. university 	b. application 	c. technology 	d. entertainment
a. mathematics 	b. engineering 	c. scientific 	d. laboratory
a. certificate 	b. necessary 	c. economy 	d. geography
a. interviewer 	b. preparation 	c. economics 	d. education
a. c ... uestions if you have uncertainties. You should fasten your seat belt low on your hips and as tightly as possible. Of course, you should also know how the release mechanism of your belt operates. During takeoffs and landings, you are advised to keep your feet flat on the floor. Before take off, you should locate the nearest exit and an alterative exit and count the rows of seats between you and the exits so that you can reach them in the dark if necessary. In the event that you are forewarned of a possible accident, you should put your hands on your ankles and keep your head down until the planes comes to a complete stop. If smoke is present in the cabin, you should keep your head low and cover your face with napkins, towels, or clothing. If possible, wet these for added protection against smoke inhalation. To evacuate as quickly as possible, follow crew commands and do not take personal belongings with you. Do not jump on escape slides before they are fully inflated, and when you jump, do so with your arms and legs extended in front of you. When you get to the ground, you should move away from the plane as quickly as possible, and smoke near the wreckage.
Question 35: What is the main topic of the passage?
A. Procedures for evacuation aircraft.
B. Guidelines for increasing aircraft passenger survival. 
C. Airline industry accident statistics.
D. Safety instructions in air travel.
Question 36: Travelers are urged by experts to read and listen to safety instruction _____	.
A. if smoke is in the cabin 	B. in an emergency	
C. before locating the exits 	D. before take-off
Question 37: According to the passage, airline travelers should keep their feet flat on the floor _____.	.A. especially during landings	B. throughout the flight
C. only if an accident is possible	D. during take-offs and landings
Question 38: According to the passage, which exits should an airline passenger locate before take-off?
A. The ones with counted rows of seats between them. 	
B. The nearest one.	
C. The two closest to the passenger’s seat	
D. The ones that can be found in the dark
Question 39: The word “them” in bold refers to _____.
A. seats	B. rows	C. exits	D. feet
Question 40: It can be inferred from the passage that people are more likely to survive fires in aircrafts if they_____. 
A. don’t smoke in or near a plane	B. read airline safety statistics
C. wear a safety belt	D. keep their heads low
Question 41: Airline passengers are advised to do all of the following EXCEPT _____.	
A. ask questions about safety	B. locate the nearest exit
C. fasten their seat belts before take-off	 D. carry personal belongings in an emergency
Question 42: The word “inflated” in bold is closest in meaning to _____.
A. expanded	B. lifted	C. assembled	D. increased
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions.
Question 43: Mathematics are not too difficult for him to study.
 A B C D
Question 44. Children usually hope to become gamers and doing things they like.
 A B C D
Question 45: I think it is a really interested film for the young.
 A B C D
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.
Question 46: Long speaks Chinese better than Tuan.
Tuan does not speak Chinese as well as Long.
B. Tuan speaks Chinese better than Janet.
C. Long is a worse speaker of Chinese than Tuan.
D. Tuan and Long are not so good at speaking Chinese.
Question 47. “Why didn't you send me the brochure?” Mr. William asked the agent.
A. Mr. William asked the agent why she didn't send him the brochure.
B. Mr. William asked the agent to send him the brochure.
C. Mr. William asked the agent not to send him the brochure.
D. Mr. William asked the agent why she had not sent him the brochure.
Question 48: Cheating is not allowed in the GCSE.
A. You may cheat in the GCSE.
B. You musn’t cheat in the GCSE.
C. You don’t have to cheat in the GCSE.
D. You should cheat in the GCSE.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions.
Question 49: He helped us a lot with the project. We couldn’t continue without him.
A. Provided his contribution wouldn’t come, we couldn’t continue with the project.
B. But for his contribution, we could have continued with the project.
C. Unless we had his contribution, we could continue with the project.
D. Suppose he hadn’t contributed positively, we couldn’t have continued with the project.
Question 50: He has great intelligence. He can solve all the problems very quicky.
	A. So intelligent is he that he can solve all the problems very quicky.	
	B. He is very intelligent that he can solve all the problems very quicky.	
	C. An intelligent student is he that he can solve all the problems very quicky
	D. So intelligent a student is he that he can solve all the problems very quicky.	
VI.Experience:
.......................................................................................................................................................................
Planning day: 	 Times: 13
RELATIVE CLAUSE. COMMUNICATIVE SENTENCES, TAG QUESTIONS
I. Objectives:	
 1. Knowledge: Student know: - How to do exercises about the reported speech the best.
 2. Skill : 
 3. Attitude: Co-operation
 4. Ability: By the end of the lesson, students will be able to do this kind of exercise in the final test well.
II. Question systems:
III. Assessment methods:
 + The forms of evaluation: Self-assess, peers and teacher’s assessments.
 + The tools of evaluation: 
 + The time of evaluation: in lesson, after lesson.
IV. Teaching aids:
 1. Teacher: Text book, lesson plan
 2. Pupils: Text books and note books,...
V. Procedure:
 1. Organization:
No
Class
Teaching day
Period
Absent students
1
12B
27
2
12D
35
2. Check the old lesson.
3. New lesson.
* Theory: REPORTED SPEECH
I. Câu trần thuật (statements).
- Dùng say hoặc tell để tường thuật
- Thường bắt đầu bằng: He said that./ she said to me that/ they told me that.,
1. Thay đổi về đại từ nhân xưng làm chủ ngữ, tính từ sở hữu, đại từ sở hữu, đại từ nhân xưng làm tân ngữ
 2. Thay đổi động từ: Thì của các động từ trong lời nói gián tiếp thay đổi theo một nguyên tắc chung là lùi về quá khứ (các thì xuống cấp):
* Chú ý: Một số trường hợp không đổi thì của động từ trong câu gián tiếp:
- Nếu động từ ở mệnh đề giới thiệu được dùng ở thì hiện tại đơn, hiện tại tiếp diễn, hiện tại hoàn thành hoặc tương lai đơn, thì của động từ trong câu gián tiếp vẫn không thay đổi
 Eg: He says/ he is saying/ he has said/ he will say, “The text is difficult”.
 ® He says/ is saying/ has said/ will say (that) the text is difficult.
- Khi câu nói trực tiếp thể hiện một chân lý hoặc một hành động lặp lại thường xuyên, thì của động từ trong câu gián tiếp vẫn không thay đổi
 Eg: My teacher said, “The sun rises in the East”
 ® My teacher said (that) the sun rises in the East.
- Nếu câu trực tiếp là câu điều kiện loại 1 thì được chuyển sang loại 2 ở lời nói gián tiếp và nếu là câu điều kiện loại 2 hoặc loại 3 thì giữ nguyên loại 2 hoặc 3 ở lời gián tiếp.
Eg: The man said; “If you answer the questions correctly, you may win one million dollar” 
® The man said that I might win one million dollar if I answered the questions correctly. 
- Không thay đổi thì của mệnh đề sau “It’s (high/ about) time”
 Eg: She said; “It’s about time you went to bed; children”
 ® She told her children that it’s about time they went to bed 
- Không thay đổi thì của mệnh đề đi sau ‘would rather, would sooner”
 Eg: She said; “I would rather you stayed at home”
 ® She said that she would rather I stayed at hone
- Không thay đổi thì của:
 Could, would, might, should 
Ought, had better, need 	trong câu nói gián tiếp 
Nhưng must -> had to/ must	
Eg: She said; “I could do the homework 
® She said the she could do the homework 
- Không thay động từ trong câu nói trực tiếp có thời gian xác định:
 Eg: He said, “I was born in 1980”
 ® He said that he was born in 1980.
- Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian trong câu phức có thì quá khứ đơn và quá khứ tiếp diễn
Eg: “I saw him when he was going to the cinema”
 She said she saw him when she was going to the cinema
3. Thay đổi thời gian, địa điểm, các từ chỉ định
a. Từ chỉ thời gian, địa điểm và các đại từ chỉ định.
Câu trực tiếp
Câu gián tiếp
- now
- an hour ago
- today
- tonight
- yesterday
- tomorrow
- yesterday morning/ afternoon
- tomorrow morning
- the day before yesterday
- the day after tomorrow
- last year
- next month
- here
- this/these + từ chỉ thời gian
- this/these + danh từ
à then, at that time, at once, immediately
à an hour before/ an hour earlier
à that day
à that night
à the day before/ the previous day
à the next day/ the following day
à the previous morning/ afternoon
à the next/ following morning
à two days before
à (in) two days’ time
à the year before/ the previous year
à the month after/ the following month
à there
àthat/those + từ chỉ thời gian
à the + danh từ
II. Tường thuật câu hỏi (questions)
a. Đối với câu hỏi trực tiếp (Wh-question)
- Thường bắt đầu bằng: He asked (me) / He wanted to know/ She wondered. 
Form.	S + asked + (O) + wh - question + S + V(lùi thì)
Eg: She asked, “What is his job?” à She asked what his job was. 
 They asked me, “Where did you have lunch?” à They asked me where I had lunch. 
- Không đặt trợ động từ trước chủ ngữ như trong câu hỏi trực tiếp. 
- Không đặt dấu chấm hỏi cuối câu. 
- Thay đổi thì, đại từ, các từ chỉ thời gian, địa điểm
b. Đối với câu hỏi “Yes – No” hoặc câu hỏi lựa chọn “Or”
- Phải thêm từ “if/whether” để mở đầu câu tường thuật.
Form: 	S + asked + (O) + if / whether + S + V(lùi thì)
eg: She asked, “are you a teacher?” 	à She asked him if/ whether he was a teacher
 They asked me, “Do you want to go or stay at home?” 
à They asked me if/ whether I wanted to go or stay at home. 
- Câu hỏi đuôi được tường thuật giống câu hỏi Yes/No nhưng bỏ phần đuôi phía sau
eg: She asked, “You will stay here, won’t you?” à She asked me if/whether I would stay there. 
III. Câu tường thuật với “infinitive” = To + V0: (Theo bảng động từ đã học)
a. Tường thuật câu mệnh lệnh, yêu cầu (Imperatives/ Commands or Requests) dùng cấu trúc: tell/ ask/ request/ order somebody (not) to do something
Eg: “Read carefully before signing the contract,” he said. 
à He told me to read carefully before signing the contract)
 “The commander said to his soldier, "Shoot!" à The commander ordered his soldier to shoot. 
 “Please talk slightly,” they said. à They requested us to talk slightly. 
 “Listen to me, please” à He asked me to listen to him. 
 “Will you help me, please?” à He asked me to help him. 
 “Will you lend me your dictionary?” à He asked me to lend him my dictionary. 
b. Tường thuật lời khuyên (Advice) dùng cấu trúc: advise somebody (not) to do something 

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