Đề cương ôn thi tốt nghiệp THPT năm 2024 môn Tiếng Anh

 CHUYÊN ĐỀ 1: PRONUNCIATION- VOWELS, CONSONANTS- STRESS
 (NGUYÊN ÂM- PHỤ ÂM –TRỌNG ÂM)
NGUYÊN ÂM
Chữ cái a thường được phát âm là: Chữ cái o thường được phát âm là:
/ỉ/: map, national /ɒ/: bottle, floppy
/eɪ/: take, nature /ɔ:/: boring, lord
/e/: many, any /ᴧ/: son, money
/ɪ/: message, damage /əʊ/: go, post
/ə/: afraid, familiar /ə/: computer, purpose
/ɑ:/: after, car /wᴧ/: one /wᴧn/, once /wᴧns/
Chữ cái e thường được phát âm là: Chữ cái u thường được phát âm là:
/e/: educate, flexible /ʊ/: put, push
/ɪ/: explore, replace /u:/: include
/i:/: even, gene /ju:/: computer, human
/ə/: interest, camera /ᴧ/: much, cut
 /з:/: burn
Chữ cái i thường được phát âm là: Chữ cái y thường được phát âm là:
/ɪ/: fit, slippery /ɪ/: physics, myth
/ai/: bike, mice /i/: city, worry
/ə/: terrible, possible /ai/: shỵ, apply
Một số nguyên âm đơi thường gặp:
 Nhĩm chữ cái Cách phát âm thường gặp Ví dụ
 /ei/ main, entertain
 -ai-
 /eə/ fair, armchair
 /eɪ/ great, break
 -ea- /i:/ bean, beat
 /ɪə/ fear, year
 /eɪ/ eight, weight
 -ei- /i:/ deceive, ceiling
 /aɪ/ height
 /eɪ/ hey, convey, 
 -ey-
 /i:/ key
 /i:/ cheese, employee
 -ee-
 /ɪə/ engineer, deer
 /i:/ piece, relieve
 -ie- /aɪ/ tie, lie
 /ə/ ancient, proficient
 /əʊ/ load, toast
 -oa-
 /ɔ:/ abroad, broaden
 -oi- hoặc –oy- /ɔɪ/ voice, joy
 /u:/ tool, moon
 -oo- /ʊ/ book, foot
 /ʌ/ flood, blood
 /ʊ/ could, would
 /u:/ group, souvenir
 -ou-
 /ʌ/ trouble, couple
 /əʊ/ soul, mould
 /aʊ/ cow, brown
 -ow-
 /əʊ/ throw, know
 -ui- /ɪ/ build, guitar
 -uy- /aɪ/ buy, guy
 -ew- /ju:/ new, dew
PHỤ ÂM
 Chữ cái c thường được phát âm là: Chữ cái n thường được phát âm là:
 /k/: can, close /n/: not, fun /s/: city, cycle /ŋ/ (khi n đứng trước âm /g/ và /k/): single, drink
 /ʃ/: special, ocean
 Chữ cái d thường được phát âm là: Chữ cái s thường được phát âm là:
 /d/: day, demand /s/: son, economist
 /dʒ/: educate, graduate /z/: rise, surprise
 /ʃ/: sure, sugar
 /ʒ/: usually, measure, decision
 Chữ cái g thường được phát âm là: Chữ cái t thường được phát âm là:
 /g/: gain, regular /t/: ten, pretend
 /dʒ/ origin, gymnast /tʃ/: culture, question
 /ʒ/: garage, masage /ʃ/: mention, initial
Một số nhĩm chữ cái phụ âm thường gặp:
 Nhĩm chữ cái Cách phát âm thường gặp Ví dụ
 /k/ chemist, architect
 -ch- /tʃ/ chair, lunch
 /ʃ/ machine, chef
 -gh- hoặc -ph- /f/ rough, laugh photograph, paragraph, 
 -qu- /kw/ require, question
 -sh- /ʃ/ share, wash, punish
 /θ/ think, depth, bath, breath, north, south, month
 -th-
 /ð/ them, without, bathe, breathe, northern, southern
ÂM CÂM
Một số chữ cái trong một số từ bao gồm phụ âm và nguyên âm khơng được phát âm thành tiếng được gọi 
là âm câm (silent sounds). Sau đây là một số âm câm thường gặp:
 Chữ cái – Trường hợp thường gặp Ví dụ
 b đứng cuối trong một số từ (thường đi sau m) climb, dumb, comb, doubt, debt
 b đứng trước t
 d trong một số từ handsome, Wednesday
 h trong một số từ hour, exhausted, honest
 gh trong một số từ (đặc biệt là sau i) weigh, sight, although
 k đứng trước n know, knee, knife
 r đứng trước một phụ âm khác hoặc đứng cuối từ đĩ card, park, farm, burn, neighbour, volunteer
 w đứng trước r hoặc h trong một số từ who, write, wrong
ĐỐI CHIẾU VỚI ĐỀ THI QUA CÁC NĂM
 Năm: 2020 - Mã đề: 401
Question 3: A. clouds B. costs C. pains D. farms
Question 4: A. lake B. game C. shape D. flat
 Năm: 2020 - Mã đề: 402
Question 18: A. mails B. wraps C. paints D. packs
Question 19: A. push B. cut C. hunt D. run
 Năm: 2020 - Mã đề: 403
Question 1: A. lick B. bride C. prize D. slice
Question 2: A. brings B. trains C. talks D. clears
 Năm: 2021 - Mã đề: 401
Question 3: A. clap B. take C. face D. save
Question 4: A. wanted B. cried C. seemed D. rained
 Năm: 2021 - Mã đề: 402
Question 24: A. face B. back C. take D. save
Question 25: A. seemed B. needed C. rained D. cried
 Năm: 2021 - Mã đề: 403
Question 5: A. started B. rained C. cried D. seemed Question 6: A. face B. save C. take D. land
 Năm: 2022 - Mã đề: 403
Question 4: A occurred B. pointed C. cycled D. played
Question 3: A. wrap B. take C. blame D. wave
 Năm: 2022 - Mã đề: 415
Question 18: A. stayed B. shared C. shouted D. signed
Question 19: A. heat B. feast C. earth D. peace
 Năm: 2023 - Mã đề: 401
Question 3: A. post B. cold C. sport D. home
Question 4: A. chorus B. chairman C. chicken D. children
 Năm: 2023 - Mã đề: 419
Question 3: A. chairmanB. children C. chicken D. chemist
Question 4: A. ground B. south C. group D. count
 PRACTICE
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs 
from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
* Vowels:
1. A. landB.man C. climate D. habit
2. A. message B. bank C. happen D. natural
3. A. machine B. many C. again D. banana
4. A. develop B. complete C. these D. extreme
5. A. medicine B. left C. sense D. prepare
6. A. enhance B. open C. chicken D. kitchen
7. A. equal B. excellent C. even D. scence
8. A. terrible B. swim C. quick D. city
9. A. except B. expectation C. preparation D. celebration
10. A. different B. similar C. little D. listen
11. A. idea B. going C. will D. trip
12. A. wonderful B. something C. month D. handsome
13. A. purpose B. introduce C. compare D. worse
14. A. nothing B. some C. once D. another
15. A. put B. push C. business D. full
16. A. bury B. include C. conclude D. rude
17. A. heat B. scream C. meat D. meant
18. A. main B. entertain C. explain D. fair
19. A. weight B. eight C. height D. vein
20. A. ancient B. piece C. relieve D. believe
* Consonants:
1. A. receive B. certainly C. guidance D. expect
2. A. cartoon B. carry C. face D. coin
3. A. space B. musician C. center D. importance
4. A. under B. divide C. educate D. loud
5. A. dolphin B. design C. domestic D. soldier
6. A. general B. dangerous C. game D. engine
7. A. goal B. gift C. grow D. language
8. A. single B. hungry C. change D. bank
9. A. language B. English C. any D. frank
10. A. increase B. rise C. surprise D. advise
11. A. source B. measure C. pleasure D. decision
12. A. question B. together C. top D. computer
13. A. team B. amount C. invitation D. until
14. A. thrilling B. other C. through D. something
15. A. scholarship B. christmas C. school D. chicken
16. A. machine B. cheap C. child D. chair
17. A. charge B. child C. teacher D. champagne
18. A. choice B. achieve C. each D. chemistry
19. A. although B. enough C. laugh D. rough
20. A. month B. bathe C. breathe D. southern DẤU NHẤN
- Dấu nhấn thường nằm trước các từ cĩ đuơi: ion, ial, ical, ity, itive, tant, ic, ual.
mentionsocial practicial identity competitive 
important romantic casual individual
- Dấu nhấn thường ở cách 1 âm đối với các từ cĩ đuơi: fy, ate, ize
 diversify simplify candidate modernize organize modify
- Dấu nhấn nằm ở âm chính: oon, ese, ee, oo .-: bamboo, afternoon
- Danh từ kép cĩ dấu nhấn nằm ở danh từ phía trước: bookshop, welfare ..
 ĐỐI CHIẾU VỚI ĐỀ THI QUA CÁC NĂM
Năm: 2020 - Mã đề: 401
Question 1: A. expensive B. Successful C. important D. musical
Question 2: A. practise B. include C. arrive D. accept
Năm: 2020 - Mã đề: 402
Question 16: A. promise B. destroy C. support D. believe
Question 17: A. habitat B. capital C. calendar D. attraction
Năm: 2020 - Mã đề: 403
Question 3: A. consider B. discover C. imagine D. decorate
Question 4: A. beauty B. success C. album D. question
Năm: 2021 - Mã đề: 401
Question 1: A. alive B. careful C. happy D. nervous
Question 2: A. customer B. festival C. suggestion D. capital
Năm: 2022 - Mã đề: 402
Question 22: A. customer B. occasion C. festival D. capital
Question 23: A. alike B. happy C. nervous D. careful
Năm: 2021 - Mã đề: 403
Question 3: A. nervous B. polite C. careful D. happy
Question 4: A. festival B. attention C. customer D. capital
Năm: 2022 - Mã đề: 401
Question 18: A. festival B. impression C. industry D. passenger
Question 19: A. patient B. afraid C. careful D. active
Năm: 2022 - Mã đề: 403
Question 1: A. customer B. document C. equipment D. relative
Question 2: A. village B. worker C. hotel D. Student
Năm: 2023 - Mã đề: 401
Question 5: A. important B. terrific C. exciting D. confident
Question 6: A. arrive B. require C. connect D. follow
Năm: 2023 - Mã đề: 419
Question 5: A. charity B. direction C. company D. Manager
Question 6: A. avoid B. hurry C. remain D. agree
 PRACTICE
Mark the letter A, B, c, or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of the 
main stress in each of the following questions.
Question 1: A. apply B. persuade C. reduce D. offer
Question 2: A. preservatives B. congratulate C. preferential D. development
Question 3: A. president B. physicist C. inventor D. property
Question 4: A. economy B. unemployment C. communicate D. particular
Question 5: A. elephant B. dinosaur C. buffalo D. mosquito
Question 6: A. scientific B. intensity C. disappearance D. expectation
Question 7: A. conference B. lecturer C. researcher D. reference
Question 8: A. intentional B. optimistic C. environment D. participant
Question 9: A. explain B. happen C. decide D. combine
Question 10: A. represent B. intensive C. domestic D. employment
Question 11: A. minister B. dependent C. encourage D. agreement
Question 12: A. equip B. listen C. answer D. enter
Question 13: A. involve B. provide C. install D. comment
Question 14: A. hospital B. inflation C. policy D. constantly
Question 15: A. garment B. comment C. cement D. even Question 16: A. different B. achievement C. educate D. primary
 Question 17: A. sorrow B. schooling C. passion D. subtract
 Question 18: A. certainty B. activity C. organize D. compliment
 Question 19: A. publish B. replace C. involve D. escape
 Question 20: A. police B. system C. woman D. novel
 CHUYÊN ĐỀ 2: TENSES AND SEQUENCE OF TENSES
 A. LÝ THUYẾT
 I. SEQUENCE OF TENSES: Sự hịa hợp của các thì cơ bản
 1. HTHT/ HTHTTD + since + QKĐ = Since + QKĐ, HTHT/ HTHTTD
 Ex: I haven't seen my old friends since we left school.
 2. When + QKĐ, QKTD = QKĐ + While/ When + QKTD
 Ex: When I came, he was watching TV.
 = I came while/ when he was watching TV.
 * Nhận dạng:
 Đề cĩ từ “when/ while/ as” + QKĐ => chọn was/ were + Ving
 Hoặc When/while + S+ was/ were + Ving => chọn Ved/2
 3. When/ before/ by the time + QKĐ, QKHT = QKĐ + after + QKHT
 Ex: Last night, when we arrived at the theater, they had sold out all the tickets.
 = Last night, we arrived at the theater after they had sold out all the tickets.
 II. SEQUENCE OF MAIN CLAUSE AND ADVERBIAL CLAUSE OF TIME: Sự hịa hợp của 
 mệnh đề chính và mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian
 1. Từ nối (When, as soon as, until ) + HTĐ/ HTHT, TLĐ
 Từ nối (When, as soon as, until ) + QKĐ, QKĐ
 Ex1: When I see him, I will give him your regards.
 He will go out with his friends as soon as he has completed his homework.
 Ex2: As soon as I came home yesterday, I called my parents
 * Nhận dạng: Các phương án cĩ: “when/ while/ after/ before/ as soon as/ by the time/ till/ until + S 
 +V”
 * Cách làm: Câu đề bài cĩ Will => chọn Hiện tại đơn/Hiện tại hồn thành 
 (Loại phương án cĩ “will/ was/ were/ had/ Ved)”.
 2. V(bare-inf) + Từ nối (When, as soon as, until ) + HTĐ/ HTHT
 Don’t + V(bare-inf) + Từ nối (When, as soon as, until ) + HTĐ/ HTHT
 Ex: Call me as soon as I come there.
 Don’t leave the room until you have completed your homework.
 3. Từ nối (When, before, by the time) + HTĐ, TLHT
 Từ nối (When, before, by the time) + QKĐ, QKHT
 Ex: By the time you come back next week, I will have typed this email.
 Ex: Last night, when we arrived at the theater, they had sold out all the tickets.
 B. ĐỐI CHIẾU VỚI ĐỀ THI QUA CÁC NĂM
Năm Mã đề Câu hỏi số
 Question 13:Bill's mother won't let him go out with his friends _________.
 A.when he finished his homework B. after he had finished his homework 
 Mã đề C. once he finished his homework D. until he has finished his homewor
 401 Question 21:Her academic performance has greatly improved since she _____ her 
 study methods.
 A. will change B. changed C. was changing D. would change
 Question 2:The air quality in this area has improved a lot since that factory ___.
2020 A. was closing B. would close C. closed D. will close
 Question 8:You will not know who your true friend is _____.
 Mã đề 
 A. after you had had trouble and needed help .
 402
 B. when you were having trouble and needing help 
 C. until you have trouble and need help 
 D. as soon as you had trouble and needed help
 Mã đề Question 15:Mary has been financially independent since she _____ to work.
 403 A. went out B. will go out C. was going out D. would go out
 Question 25:He won't understand what the responsibilities of a father are _____ .
 A. until he has his first child B. after he had had his first child 
 C. as soon as he had his first child D. once he had his first child
 Question 10:________,he will go out with his friends,
 A. When Tony finished his project B. When Tony finishes his project 
 Mã đề C. When Tony had finished his project D. When Tony was finishing his project
 401 Question 17:The students ________ the topic when the bell rang.
 A. discuss B. were discussing 
 C. have discussed D. are discussing
 Question 5:When their dad came home,the kids _______ the Christmas tree.
 A. have decorated B. are decorating 
 Mã đề C. decorate D. were decorating
2021 402 Question 11:_______,I will give it back to you.
 A. When I finish reading the book B. When I was finishing reading the book 
 C. When I finished reading the book D. When I had finished reading the book
 Question 16:We _______ flowers in the school garden when it started to rain.
 A.plant B. were planting C. are planting D. have planted
 Question 18:__________________, he will be very happy.
 Mã đề 
 A. When my father was seeing my test scores 
 403
 B. When my father had seen my test scores 
 C. When my father sees my test scores 
 D. When my father saw my test scores
 Question 2:He has gone to the UK for further education since he ________upper 
 secondary school.
 Mã đề A.will finish B. is finishing C. finish D. finished
 401 Question 7:The meeting will begin ________.
 A. when all the participants were arriving B. after all the participants had arrived 
2022 C. by the time all the participants arrived D. as soon as all the participants arrive
 Question 22:They have been living here since they ________ married.
 A.will get B. is getting C. got D. get 
 Mã đề 
 Question 23:The party will begin ________.
 403
 A. after all the guests had arrived B. by the time all the guests arrived 
 C. when all the guests were arriving D. as soon as all the guests arrive
 Question 12: The man ______ home when his car broke down.
 A. was driving B. drives C. has driven D. is driving
 Question 25: We will inform you ______.
 Mã đề 
 A. as soon as we have the interview result
 401
 B. as soon as we were having the interview result
 C. as soon as we had the interview result
2023
 D. as soon as we had had the interview result
 Question 15: Many people __________ in the park when it started to rain.
 A. are walking B. have walked C. were walking D. walk
 Mã đề 
 Question 16: We will deliver the goods to our customers __________.
 419
 A. as soon as we had come back homeB. as soon as we came back home 
 C. as soon as we were coming back home D. as soon as we come back home
 C. BÀI TẬP THỰC HÀNH
 Exercise 1: Choose the most correct answer:
 1. After we had finished our work,we ________ for lunch.
 A. went B. go C. were going D. will go
 2. After he _____ his English course,he went to England to continue his study.
 A. will finish B. has finished C. had finishedD.will have finished
 3. They ____ a lot of preparation before the match started.
 A. has made B. had made C. will be made D. are making
 4. Don’t go anywhere until I ________ back.
 A. come B. will come C. had come D. came 5. I _____ the book by the time you come tonight.
 A. will be finishing B. finished C. have finishingD.will have finished
6. Please send us a postcard as soon as you _______ in London.
 A. will arrive B. is going to arrive C. arrive D. arrived
7. We ______ for going home when it began to rain.
 A. are preparing B. were preparing C. will be preparing D. have prepared
8. I’ll marry her as soon as she _____ all her problems.
 A. will solve B. has solved C. had solved D. solve
9. My son was sleeping when I ______ home.
 A. went B. has gone C. had gone D. would go
10. Lan has learnt English since she ________ a small girl.
 A. has been B. had been C. was D. would be
11. She won’t get married until she _____ 25 years old.
 A. is B. will be C. had been D. was
12. While I ____ in the street, I saw my old friend.
 A. was walking B. am walking C. walk D. walked
13. I’ll read the book when I _____ time.
 A. have B. had C. will have D. would have
14. I ______ her since I _____ a student.
 A. know/ am B. knew/ was C. have known/ am D. have known/ was
15. While I was going to school yesterday,I ________ him.
 A. meet B. met C. will meet D. am meeting
16. He died after he ______ ill for a long time.
 A. was B. had been C. has been D. is
17. I _______ home until I finish my lesson.
 A. haven’t come B. don’t come C. didn’t come D. won’t come
18. The manager ______ the store before I arrived.
 A. closed B. had closed C. has closed D. was closing
19. When the alarm rang, Hai ______ out of bed quickly.
 A. was jumping B. has jumped C. had jumped D. jumped
20. When we see Mr. Minh tomorrow, I _________ him of that.
 A. will remind B. remind C. have reminded D. reminded
Exercise 2: Choose the most correct answer:
1. _______ as soon as I see him.
 A. I will tell James the news B. I tell James the news
 C. I can tell James the news D. I would tell the news
2. The neighbors will look after our plants _______.
 A. as soon as we were away B. while we are away
 C. after we were away D. before we would be
3. Let's go out for dinner _______.
 A. after the movie had finished B. before the movie finished
 C. as soon as the movie finished D. when the movie finishes
4. Make sure you close all the windows _______.
 A. before you leave B. until you will leave
 C. after you had left D. when you left
5. _______ until she apologizes.
 A. I don’t speak to Kate B. I couldn’t speak to Kate
 C. I didn’t speak to Kate D. I won’t speak to Kate
6. You can ask me for help _______.
 A. if you have any problems B. until you had had any problems
 C. when you had any problems D. as soon as you had problems
7. _______,he will go out with his friends.
 A. When Tony finished his project B. When Tony finishes his project
 C. When Tony had finished his project D. When Tony was finishing his project
8. _______ while the teacher was explaining the activity.
 A. They were taking B. They will be talking
 C. They are talking D. They would talk
9. _______ my lesson by noon,I will come around. A. As soon as I am finishing B. After I have finished
 C. Before I had finished D. If I will finish
10. _______,we went to as many islands as possible.
 A. Until I will have in Greece B. When we were in Greece
 C. As soon as I have been in Greece D. Before I had been in Greece
11. The lift won't start _______.
 A. before you will press that button B. until you press that button
 C. when you pressed that button D. after you had pressed that button
12. She will give the children their dinner _______.
 A. before he comes home B. when he had come
 C. as soon as he was coming D. until he will come
13. _______,I will give you a call.
 A. When I had arrived in Ha Noi B. When I arrived in Ha Noi
 C. When I arrive in Ha Noi D. When I was arriving in Ha Noi
14. I'll do it _______.
 A. when I was finishing my first project B. after I had finish my first project
 C. until I finished my first project D. as soon as I have finished my first project
15. We are going to stay in his flat while _______.
 A. we were in Scotland B. we will be in Scotland
 C. we had been in Scotland D. we are in Scotland
16. Will you recognize him _______?
 A. when you see him B. until you were seeing him
 C. after you will see him D. as soon as you saw him
17. We can’t play loud music _______.
 A. before everyone will go to bed B. when everyone went to bed
 C. as soon as everyone went to bed D. after everyone has gone to bed
18. I’ll stand here waiting with you _______.
 A. until the bus comes B. after the bus have come
 C. as soon as the bus had come D. before the bus comes
19. We always have an ice cream _______.
 A. after we had gotten to the beach B. until we are getting to the beach
 C. as soon as we get to the beach D. before we got to the beach
20. They always close their curtains _______ in the evening.
 A. as soon as they had got home B. once they get home
 C. after they are getting home D. before they will get home
 CHUYÊN ĐỀ 3. PASSIVE VOICE
 (THỂ BỊ ĐỘNG)
PHẦN A. LÝ THUYẾT
I. DẠNG CƠ BẢN: 
Cách chuyển từ câu chủ động sang câu bị động:
 Active: Chủ động S + V + O
 Passive: Bị động S + be* + P.P + by + O
 (* be chia theo thì của V)
Ex: They are painting the house.
 → The house is being painted. 
 They had destroyed all the documents when we arrived.
 → All the documents had been destroyed when we arrived.
 TENSES ACTIVE PASSIVE
 Simple Present S + V1-s/es S + am / is / are + V3/ed
 Present continuous S + am / is / are + V-ing S + am / is / are + being + V3/ed
 Simple Past S + V-ed /V2 S + was / were + V3/ed
 Past continuous S + was / were + V-ing S + was / were + being + V3/ed
 Present Perfect S + have / has + PP S + have / has + been + V3/ed
 Past Perfect S + had + PP S + had + been + V3/ed Simple Future S + will + V1 S + will + be + V3/ed
 Modal verbs can can
 may may
 must must
 S + have to + V1 S + have to + be + V3/ed
 should should
 used to used to
 be going to be going to
II. DẠNG ĐẶC BIỆT
1. Causative form. (Thể nhờ bảo). “Have” hoặc “Get”.
a. Have
* Chủ động. S + have + O.1 (person) + bare -V + O.2 (thing)
* Bị động . S + have + O.2 (thing) + V3/ed
Ex. I had him repair the roof yesterday. → I had the roof repaired yesterday.
b. Get
* Chủ động . S + get + O.1 (person) + to- inf + O.2 ( thing)
* Bị động . S + get + O.2 (thing) + V3/ed
Ex. I will get her to cut my hair → I will get my hair cut.
2. Verbs of Opinion (Động từ chỉ quan điểm). Say, think, believe, know, report, rumour.....
Cĩ 2 dạng bị động.
* Chủ động. S1 + V of pinion + (that) + clause (S2 + V + O)
* Bị động . It + be + V of opinion (V3/ed) + (that) + clause.
 Hoặc. S2 + be + V of opinion (V3/ed) + to-V0 (2 hành động cùng thời gian. )
 to have + V3/ed (2 hành động khác thời gian)
Ex. - They said that John is the brightest student in class.
 → It was said that John is the brightest student in class.
 → John was said to be the brightest student in class.
 - They knew that Mary won the competition.
 → It was known that Mary won the competition
 → Mary was known to have won the competition.
3. Verbs of perception (Động từ chỉ giác quan). see, watch, hear, .......
* Chủ động. S + V + O + V0/ V-ing
* Bị động . S + Be + V (V3/ed) + V0/ V-ing
Ex. - People saw him steal your car.
 → He was seen to steal your car.
 - The teacher is watching them working.
 → They are being watched working by the teacher.
4. Câu bị động đối với động từ NEED
Sau động từ need + V-ing thì câu mang nghĩa bị động (Hoặc need + to be + V3/ed)
Ex. The windows need cleaning. (Hoặc The windows need to be cleaned)
* Các động từ require và want cũng được dùng như need trong trường hợp này
Ex. These letters require typing. (Hoặc These letters require to be typed )
5. Câu bị động đối với động từ MAKE
MAKE thường được theo sau bởi To – infinitive khi được dùng trong câu bị động
Ex. My boss made me work hard
 → I was made to work hard by my boss
6. Cấu trúc “Let somebody do something”
Ex. He let me go  I was let to go = I was allowed to go
 PRACTICE
1. America __________ by Columbus in 1492.
 A. was discovered B. were discovering C. will discover D. discover
2. Parrots and crows __________ The most intelligent birds.
 A. were considering B. are considered C. Consider D. will considered
3. I still can’t believe! My bicycle __________ last night.
 A. was stolen B. was stealing C. stolen D. steal
4. Mary traffic accidents __________ by dangerous driving.
 A. are causing B. cause C. are caused D. caused. 5. Many cars __________ in this factory.
 A. manufacture B. are manufactured C. have manufacturedD.are manufacturing
6. Grass __________ by fat cows on the green meadow
 A. are eaten B. eat C. were eating D. ate
7. So much progress __________ that there may be space-frights to Mars
 A. is being made B. are making C. will make D. made
8. Many people believe we can look forward to the day when even our household jobs like cleaning and 
decorating __________ by computer-control robots.
 A. will do B. are doing C. would do D. will be done
9. English __________since 2002.
 A. have learned B. has been learnt C. has to learn D. is learning
10. Your bill should __________ before you leave the hotel.
 A. be paid B. paid C. pays D. was paying
11. The telephones_______ by Alexander Graham Bell.
 A. is invented B. is inventing C. invented D. was invented
12. Lots of houses_______ by the earthquake.
 A. are destroying B. destroyed C. were destroyed D. is destroyed
13. Gold_______ in California in the 19th century.
 A. was discovered B. has been discovered C. was discover D. they discover
14. The boy_______ by the teacher yesterday.
 A. punish B. punished C. punishing D. was punished
15. Sarah is wearing a blouse.It_______ of cotton.
 A. be made B. are made C. is made D. made
16. They had their homework _______ yesterday.
 A. done B. to do C. did D. do 
17. We got our mail _______ yesterday.
 A. been delivered B. delivered C. delivering D. to deliver 
18. James _______ the news as soon as possible.
 A. should tell B. should be told C. should told D. should be telled
19. My wedding ring _______ yellow and white gold.
 A. is made B. is making C. made D. make
20. Laura _______ in Boston.
 A. are born B. were born C. was born D. born
21. His car needs ________.
 A. be fixed B. fixing C. to be fixing D. fixed
22. There’s somebody behind us.I think we are _______.
 A. being followed B. are followed C. follow D. following
23. Have you _______ by a dog?
 A. bite B. bit C. ever been bitten D. ever been bit
24. The room is being _______ at the moment.
 A. was cleaned B. cleaned C. cleaning D. clean
25. It is _______ that many people are homeless after the floods.
 A. was reported B. reports C. reported D. reporting
26. He was said _______ this building.
 A. designing B. to have designed C. to design D. designed
28. Those letters _______ now.You can do the typing later.
 A. need typing B. needn't be typed C. need to type D. needn't typing
29. The new computer system _______ next month.
 A. is be installed B. is being installed by people
 C. is been installed D. is being installed
30. On September 9, 1850, California ________ to the United States as the thirty-first state.
 A. has been admitted B. was admittedC. was admitted D. admitted
31. Our children _______ to school by bus every morning.
 A. take B. are taken C. have taken D. are taking
32. Bicycles _______ in the driveway.
 A. must not leave B. must not be leaving
 C. must not be left D. must not have left
33. The application form _______ to the university before May 31st.